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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gruntoβatlem | om gruntoβatle |
| 2SG: | gruntoβatlet | ot gruntoβatle |
| 3SG: | gruntoβatla | ok/ogeš gruntoβatle |
| 1PL: | gruntoβatlena | ona/ogə̑na gruntoβatle |
| 2PL: | gruntoβatleda | oda/ogə̑da gruntoβatle |
| 3PL: | gruntoβatlat | ogə̑t gruntoβatle |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gruntoβatlə̑šə̑m | šə̑m gruntoβatle |
| 2SG: | gruntoβatlə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ gruntoβatle |
| 3SG: | gruntoβatlə̑š | ə̑š gruntoβatle |
| 1PL: | gruntoβatlə̑šna | ə̑šna gruntoβatle |
| 2PL: | gruntoβatlə̑šda | ə̑šda gruntoβatle |
| 3PL: | gruntoβatlə̑št | ə̑št gruntoβatle |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gruntoβatlenam | gruntoβatlen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | gruntoβatlenat | gruntoβatlen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | gruntoβatlen | gruntoβatlen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | gruntoβatlenna | gruntoβatlen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | gruntoβatlenda | gruntoβatlen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | gruntoβatlenə̑t | gruntoβatlen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gruntoβatlem ə̑l'e | om gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gruntoβatlet ə̑l'e | ot gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gruntoβatla ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gruntoβatlena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gruntoβatleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gruntoβatlat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gruntoβatlem ulmaš | om gruntoβatle ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gruntoβatlet ulmaš | ot gruntoβatle ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gruntoβatla ulmaš | ok/ogeš gruntoβatle ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gruntoβatlena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na gruntoβatle ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gruntoβatleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da gruntoβatle ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gruntoβatlat ulmaš | ogə̑t gruntoβatle ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gruntoβatlenam ə̑l'e | gruntoβatlen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gruntoβatlenat ə̑l'e | gruntoβatlen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gruntoβatlen ə̑l'e | gruntoβatlen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gruntoβatlenna ə̑l'e | gruntoβatlen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gruntoβatlenda ə̑l'e | gruntoβatlen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gruntoβatlen ə̑l'e | gruntoβatlen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gruntoβatlenam ulmaš | gruntoβatlen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gruntoβatlenat ulmaš | gruntoβatlen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gruntoβatlen ulmaš | gruntoβatlen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gruntoβatlenna ulmaš | gruntoβatlen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gruntoβatlenda ulmaš | gruntoβatlen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gruntoβatlen ulmaš | gruntoβatlen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gruntoβatle | it gruntoβatle |
| 3SG: | gruntoβatlə̑že | ə̑nže gruntoβatle |
| 1PL: | (gruntoβatlena) | (ona/ogə̑na gruntoβatle) |
| 2PL: | gruntoβatlə̑za | ida gruntoβatle |
| 3PL: | gruntoβatlə̑št | ə̑nə̑št gruntoβatle |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gruntoβatlə̑nem | ə̑nem gruntoβatle |
| 2SG: | gruntoβatlə̑net | ə̑net gruntoβatle |
| 3SG: | gruntoβatlə̑neže | ə̑než gruntoβatle |
| 1PL: | gruntoβatlə̑nena | ə̑nena gruntoβatle |
| 2PL: | gruntoβatlə̑neda | ə̑neda gruntoβatle |
| 3PL: | gruntoβatlə̑nešt | ə̑nešt gruntoβatle |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | gruntoβatlə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gruntoβatlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gruntoβatlə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gruntoβatlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gruntoβatlə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gruntoβatlə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt gruntoβatle ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gruntoβatlə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net gruntoβatle ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gruntoβatlə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než gruntoβatle ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | gruntoβatlə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda gruntoβatle ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gruntoβatlə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt gruntoβatle ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | gruntoβatlaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | gruntoβatlə̑man |
| Active participle: | gruntoβatlə̑še |
| Passive participle: | gruntoβatlə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | gruntoβatlə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | gruntoβatlə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | gruntoβatlen |
| Negative gerund: | gruntoβatlə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | gruntoβatlə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | gruntoβatlə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | gruntoβatlə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | gruntoβatlə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | gruntoβatlə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||